✎ pip:eea [Molecular Microbiology and Infection Unit]

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====== Infections by group B streptococci in Portugal and Iceland: raising awareness and contributing to preventive strategies ======
[[pip:eea:eeapt|Em português]]


===== Funding =====
Project funded by a grant from the governments of Iceland, Lichtenstein and Norway ([[http://www.dgs.pt/acss-eea-grants/apresentacao.aspx|EEA PT06]] grant).


===== Team =====
This project is a collaboration between the [[http://www.medicina.ulisboa.pt/|Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa]], Portugal and the [[http://www.landspitali.is/um-landspitala/languages/english/|Landspitali University Hospital]], Iceland. The principal investigator is [[people:ramirez|Prof. Mário Ramirez]].


===== Summary =====
Reductions in infant mortality (IM) and of the years of potential life lost (YPLL) are major targets of National Health Plans and Programs. Here we propose to survey the characteristics of //Streptococcus agalactiae// (Lancefield group B streptococci – GBS) causing human infections in Portugal and Iceland, focusing on two major risk groups: young infants and adults suffering from diabetes. This will raise the awareness of GBS infection, contributing to a stronger adherence to antibiotic prevention policies for neonatal infections and to a better management of adult infections, leading to reductions in IM and YPLL. A greater understanding of the disease in these two at risk populations will clarify if the same GBS genetic lineages are present in both populations. This can be critical to identify particularly pathogenic lineages for certain hosts or to cause certain disease presentations, identifying them as targets for specific prevention or treatment strategies.

===== Outcomes =====

==== Scientific papers ====
[[people:emartins|Martins ER]], Pedroso-Roussado C, [[people:jmelocristino|Melo-Cristino J]], [[people:ramirez|Ramirez M]], Portuguese Group for the Study of Streptococcal Infections. 2017. <fc #0000FF>//Streptococcus agalactiae// causing neonatal infections in Portugal (2005-2015): diversification and emergence of a CC17/PI-2b multidrug resistant sublineage</fc>. Front Microbiol 8:499. [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28400757|(PMID: 28400757)]]

[[people:bgoncalves|Ribeiro-Gonçalves B]], Francisco AP, Vaz C, [[people:ramirez|Ramirez M]], [[people:jcarrico|Carriço JA]]. 2016. <fc #0000FF>PHYLOViZ Online: web-based tool for visualization, phylogenetic inference, analysis and sharing of minimum spanning trees</fc>. Nucleic Acids Res. 44:W246-251. [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27131357|(PMID: 27131357)]]

Björnsdóttir ES, [[people:emartins|Martins ER]], Erlendsdóttir H, Haraldsson G, [[people:jmelocristino|Melo-Cristino J]], Kristinsson KG, [[people:ramirez|Ramirez M]]. 2016.  <fc #0000FF>Changing epidemiology of group B streptococcal infections among adults in Iceland: 1975-2014</fc>. Clin Microbiol Infect. 22:379.e9-379.e16.  [[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26691681|(PMID: 26691681)]]

==== Scientific meeting presentations ====

**Martins ER, Fernandes T, Lopes E, Melo-Cristino J, Ramirez M.** 2016. Changing serotypes of //Streptococcus agalactiae// causing invasive infections in adults in Portugal (2009-2014) (EP0089). [[http://www.eccmid.org/|26th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID)]], Amsterdam, Netherlands, 9-12 April.

**Martins ER, Roussado C, Melo-Cristino J, Ramirez M.** 2016. Diversification and emerging resistance among the hypervirulent CC17 clone of //Streptococcus agalactiae// (EV0283). [[http://www.eccmid.org/|26th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID)]], Amsterdam, Netherlands, 9-12 April.

**Martins ER, Roussado C, Melo-Cristino J, Ramirez M.** 2016. Infections by //Streptococcus agalactiae// among neonates in Portugal: 2005-2014 (EV0577). [[http://www.eccmid.org/|26th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID)]], Amsterdam, Netherlands, 9-12 April.

**Björnsdóttir ES, Martins ER, Erlendsdóttir H, Haraldsson G, Melo-Cristino J, Ramirez M, Kristinsson KG.** 2016. Group B streptococcal neonatal infections in Iceland: 1979-2014 (P0981). [[http://www.eccmid.org/|26th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ECCMID)]], Amsterdam, Netherlands, 9-12 April.

**Martins ER, Roussado C, Melo-Cristino J, Ramirez M.** 2016. Ongoing evolution in the hypervirulent CC17 clone of //Streptococcus agalactiae// (P040). [[https://www.escmid.org/research_projects/escmid_conferences/immem_xi/|11th International Meeting on Microbial Epidemiological Markers (IMMEM XI)]], Estoril, Portugal, 8-11 March.

**Martins ER, Roussado C, Melo-Cristino J, Ramirez M**. 2015. Invasive group B streptococcal infections among neonates in Portugal (O25 S4). [[http://www.microbiotec15.uevora.pt/|Microbiotec'15]], Évora, Portugal, 10-12 December.

**Martins ER, Björnsdóttir E, Erlendsdóttir H, Haraldsson G, Melo-Cristino J, Kristinsson K, Ramirez M**. 2015. Comparative epidemiology of group B streptococcal infections among adults in Portugal and Iceland (P126 S4). [[http://www.microbiotec15.uevora.pt/|Microbiotec'15]], Évora, Portugal, 10-12 December.

==== Software ====

[[https://github.com/mickaelsilva/chewBBACA|chewBBACA]] - BSR-Based Allele Calling Algorithm


[[https://online.phyloviz.net|PHYLOViZ online]] - web-based tool for visualization, phylogenetic inference, analysis and sharing of minimum spanning trees.
===== Links with more information on GBS =====

[[http://www.cdc.gov/groupbstrep/index.html|Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (USA) GBS page]]

[[https://www.gov.uk/guidance/group-b-streptococcal-infections|Public Health England (UK) ]]

[[http://www.phac-aspc.gc.ca/lab-bio/res/psds-ftss/streptococcus-agalactiae-eng.php|Public Health Agency of Canada GBS page]]

[[http://www.meningitis.org/disease-info/types-causes/gbs|Meningitis Research foundation (UK)]]

[[http://www.dgs.pt/?cr=21210|Norma 37/2011 - Exames laboratoriais na Gravidez de Baixo Risco (DGS, Portugal)]]

[[http://www.spp.pt/UserFiles/File/Consensos_Nacionais_Neonatologia_2004/Estreptococo_Hemolitico_GrupoB.pdf|Consensos Nacionais em Neonatologia 2004, Estreptococo β Hemolítico do Grupo B, Sociedade Portuguesa de Pediatria (Portugal)]]